Superoxide activates synaptic particulate nitric oxide synthase: implications for superoxide signalling and neurotoxicity
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Neuronal nitric oxide synthase generates superoxide from the oxygenase domain.
When l-arginine is depleted, neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) has been reported to generate superoxide. A flavoprotein module construct of nNOS has been demonstrated to be sufficient for superoxide production. In contrast, nNOS was reported not to be involved in superoxide formation, because such formation occurred with a mixture of the boiled enzyme and redox-active cofactors. We aimed to...
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Introduction Approximately 6 years ago, nitric oxide was identified as the endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF), the endogenous vasodilator mimicked by nitroglycerin and nitroprusside [ 1-41. An astonishing variety of tissues synthesize nitric oxide, which has important roles in the control of systemic blood pressure, respiration, digestion, penile erection, platelet aggregation, cerebral...
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The chemistry of peroxynitrite is complex and highly pHdependent [6,7]. Not only peroxynitrite anion (ONOO-) and its conjugated acid, peroxynitrous acid (ONOOH) (pKa = 6.8) are potent oxidants by themselves [8,9] but also they can lead to the production of secondary reactive species. Moreover, peroxynitrite is capable of nitrating aromatics [10] in a process that can be enhanced by metal centre...
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The evanescent nature of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, the multiple cellular mechanisms evolved to maintain these substances at low (submicromolar) concentrations within the vascular system, and the often multifaceted nature of their reactivities have made measurement of these compounds within the vasculature problematic. This review attempts to provide a critical description of some of...
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Free radicals and oxidants may have contrasting effects on cells. Nitric oxide is a cellular messenger that acts by several mechanisms, including activation of soluble guanylate cyclase, nitrosylation of thiols, and formation of peroxynitrite. The action of nitric oxide depends on oxidative conditions in the cell. In motor neurons, nitric oxide enhances brain-derived neurotrophic factor effects...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Neurochemistry
سال: 2008
ISSN: 0022-3042,1471-4159
DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.81.s1.42_4.x